Art Déco, the movement inspired by the first avant-garde

In this exhibition, some of the most notable works were the Ballroom designed by Süe, Mare and Jaulmes, the Perfume Pavilion with a crystal fountain by Lalique and the Hôtel du Collectionneur de Patout, a luxurious futuristic villa.

What disciplines did it encompass?

Art Deco became so popular that it influenced all the decorative arts such as architecture, interior design, graphic and industrial design, as well as the visual arts, fashion, painting, engraving, sculpture and cinematography.

What elements does Art Deco have?

Art Deco is a movement inspired by the First Avant-garde, so it has influences from constructivism, cubism, futurism, art nouveau and the rationalism of the school Bauhaus.

For this reason, some of the elements of Art Deco are geometric shapes, lines and angles, as well as mass and symmetry. Squares, rectangles, circles, and zigzag patterns are common in this style.

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Also, Art Deco showed a notable influence from ancient Egypt, Greek canons and the Napoleonic style. Although this style was more colorful than art nouveau, it maintained the elegance of black and white. The most common materials were ebony, mahogany, chrome, plastic, aluminum, and stainless steel.

Who were its greatest exponents?

Some of the pioneers of Art Déco in France were Auguste Perret, Louis Süe, Raymond Duchamp-Villon, André Mare, René Lalique and Pierre Patout, considered the greatest exponents of this movement in architecture and design.

Art Déco in Architecture and Design

Some of the earliest works of architecture in the Art Déco style were Auguste Perret's Théâthre des Champs-Elysées and Raymond Duchamp's Salon d'Automne of 1912. Villon, Louis Süe and André Mare with cubist paintings.

Subsequently, New York skyscrapers such as the Chrysler Building and the Empire State Building became icons of Art Deco. The architecture of Nazism and fascism had features of this style, while Miami Beach was a late sample of Art Deco.

In countries like Brazil, Mexico, Cuba, Guatemala, Argentina, India, the Philippines, and New Zealand, Art Deco became a gateway to modernism that endured even after the 1950s.

Within the design, the rectilinear luxury furniture created by Louis Süe, Émile-Jacques Ruhlmann or Jacques Leleu, are iconic samples of the Art Déco style.

On the other hand, publications such as Vogue adopted this style in graphic design, which also influenced the fashion of Jean Patou, Paul Poiret and Coco Chanel, with their androgynous appearance and symmetrical suits. Likewise, the jewels of Cartier or Van Cleef & Arpels, are influenced by this style.